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Dagstuhl-Seminar 22181

Computational Metabolomics: From Spectra to Knowledge

( 01. May – 06. May, 2022 )

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Summary

Metabolomics is the study of small molecules in living systems, including those which generate the energy to sustain life, those that form the building blocks of macromolecules such as DNA, as well as some originating outside the living system such as pollutants. Biologically, this field is of increasing importance due to its strong connection to organism function. Metabolomics is rapidly expanding with significant advances in both measurement technology (e.g. mass spectrometry, chromatography, NMR spectroscopy) and informatics approaches. The amount and complexity of data routinely exceeds the capacity of typical software and other computational systems used in bioanalytical labs and there is an ongoing and increasingly acute need for improvements in computational, informatics and statistical/machine learning approaches to make sense of it all.

This seminar, the fourth in the series on computational metabolomics, continued some themes previously well developed, and explored many new ones. A good example of the former is the problem of how to use mass spectral data to annotate (putatively identify) the 1000s of unknown metabolites typically observed in routine assays. Another example would be the discussion of new developments in dealing with Data Independent Acquisition which has diversified considerably in the last 5 years. Many new directions were also discussed. For instance, the question of pathway analysis - how to generate semi-automated interpretation of metabolomics data on the level of groups of molecules working together in biological processes - is becoming more prominent as larger annotated datasets become available. Another new direction was "metaboproteomics", looking at the diverse array of interactions between metabolites and proteins, in particular in how metabolite derived post-translational modifications of proteins can be picked up in annotation pipelines. Other discussions focused on software aspects such as visualization of chemical space (a key problem in designing effective software tools) and the generation/curation of high quality data for benchmarking new informatics algorithms. A session on extended metabolic models looked at ways to link data and prediction tools from protein function studies to metabolites in order to gain new knowledge of unknown metabolic pathways. From a data generation technology perspective, while mass spectrometry (MS) dominated as expected (e.g. sessions on MS spectral quality requirements, fragmentation trees etc), the seminar extended beyond previous ones into a discussion of NMR data processing and modeling. Open databases, repositories and knowledge representation also featured their own discussions including Wikidata, CxSMILEs and Wikipathways/RaMP-DB. Finally the important issue of integrating metabolomic data with other relevant data types (e.g. genomics, proteomics etc) was discussed.

The seminar organization followed a similar flexible format to the previous one, where topics were both suggested in advance and brainstormed on the Monday. The whole group participated in brainstorming and prioritization and this was further refined each morning of the meeting. Parallel discussions were organized with the aim to minimize clashes in individual interests and at the end of each morning/afternoon session a plenary feedback session was held to disseminate the main discussion points to the whole group. Evening sessions were very popular and covered a wide range of topics. Overall the seminar was felt to be one of the most successful yet, highlighting the growing importance of computational metabolomics as a field in its own right and emphasizing the need for further meetings to address the important problems in this exciting area of research.

Copyright Corey Broeckling, Timothy Ebbels, Ewy Mathé, and Nicola Zamboni

Motivation

Metabolomics is an analytical approach which aims to comprehensively describe the small molecule composition of a sample. Analyses are typically produced via mass spectrometry (MS) and/or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Computational tools for data processing and interpretation are critical to realizing the full potential of metabolomics in biological and biomedical research, environmental monitoring, or industrial biotechnology.

In recent years, network-based and multi-omics approaches have attracted a great deal of attention. Knowing that small molecules, in both biological and non-biological systems, are transformed over time, networks can be drawn which visualize and model small molecule transformations or other relationships. These networks provide information that can guide assignments of chemical structures and their annotations, and inform on mechanistic processes driving small molecule transformation (metabolism) in the sample. As an example of these networks, small molecules are nodes, and edges may be catalysts (synthetic, environmental) or gene products. While generic computational methods and metrics exist to construct and navigate networks, the appropriate definition of nodes and edges for a particular application is non-trivial and critical. Specifically, the metabolomics field needs computational methods that specifically address peculiarities of metabolomics data (e.g., identification, annotations, etc.). This task necessitates a deep knowledge of metabolomics, and that of other omics datasets when multi-omics integration is taken into account.

Building upon previous meetings, this multidisciplinary Dagstuhl Seminar will focus on improving interpretation of metabolomics data through network and statistical analysis of metabolomics data in a wider biological or environmental context (e.g., incorporation of other data types). This five-day seminar aims to bring together mass spectrometrists, NMR spectroscopists, statisticians, epidemiologists, biologists, and computer scientists to find solutions to the major challenges still remaining in this highly dynamic and rapidly evolving field.

Copyright Corey Broeckling, Timothy Ebbels, Ewy Mathé, and Nicola Zamboni

Teilnehmer
  • Sebastian Böcker (Universität Jena, DE) [dblp]
  • Corey Broeckling (Colorado State University - Fort Collins, US)
  • Roman Bushuiev (The Czech Academy of Sciences - Prague, CZ)
  • Timothy Ebbels (Imperial College London, GB)
  • Soha Hassoun (Tufts University - Medford, US)
  • Carolin Huber (UFZ - Leipzig, DE)
  • Katerina Kechris (University of Colorado - Aurora, US)
  • Oliver Kohlbacher (Universität Tübingen, DE) [dblp]
  • Anneli Kruve (Stockholm University, SE)
  • Tytus Mak (NIST - Gaithersburg, US)
  • Lennart Martens (Ghent University, BE) [dblp]
  • Ewy Mathé (National Institutes of Health - Bethesda, US) [dblp]
  • María Eugenia Monge (CIBION - Buenos Aires, AR)
  • Steffen Neumann (IPB - Halle, DE) [dblp]
  • Louis-Felix Nothias (University of Geneva, CH)
  • Rui Pinto (Imperial College London & UK-Dementia Research Institute - London)
  • Tomas Pluskal (The Czech Academy of Sciences - Prague, CZ) [dblp]
  • Hannes Röst (University of Toronto, CA) [dblp]
  • Juho Rousu (Aalto University, FI) [dblp]
  • Francesco Russo (SSI - Copenhagen, DK)
  • Adriano Rutz (University of Geneva, CH)
  • Michael Andrej Stravs (Eawag - Dübendorf, CH)
  • Panteleimon Takis (Imperial College London, GB)
  • Justin van der Hooft (Wageningen University, NL) [dblp]
  • Cecilia Wieder (Imperial College London, GB)
  • Egon Willighagen (Maastricht University, NL)
  • Michael Anton Witting (Helmholtz Zentrum München, DE)
  • Mitja Zdouc (Wageningen University, NL)

Verwandte Seminare
  • Dagstuhl-Seminar 15492: Computational Metabolomics (2015-11-29 - 2015-12-04) (Details)
  • Dagstuhl-Seminar 17491: Computational Metabolomics: Identification, Interpretation, Imaging (2017-12-03 - 2017-12-08) (Details)
  • Dagstuhl-Seminar 20051: Computational Metabolomics: From Cheminformatics to Machine Learning (2020-01-26 - 2020-01-31) (Details)
  • Dagstuhl-Seminar 24181: Computational Metabolomics: Towards Molecules, Models, and their Meaning (2024-04-28 - 2024-05-03) (Details)

Klassifikation
  • Data Structures and Algorithms
  • Emerging Technologies
  • Machine Learning

Schlagworte
  • metabolomics
  • mass spectrometry
  • bioinformatics
  • chemoinformatics
  • exposomics